Method of and apparatus for making sand molds



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. s. J. ADAMS. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING SAND MOLDS.

Patented July 20 @i. ZZw/S m: uonms PETERS co. PHDIO-LITNQ. WASHYNGTDN, n c

(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 2. S. J. ADAMS. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING SAND MOLDS.

Patented July 20, 1897.

Fig. J.

UNTTnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

S"EPI'IEN JARVIS ADAMS, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING SAND MOLDS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 586,751, dated July 20, 1897.

Application filed August 4:, 1890- Serial No. 360,891. (No model.)

To coZZ whom, it may concern: and the sand-reservoir B are supported, while Be itknown that I, STEPHEN JARVIS ADAMS, below the table a is a cross-frame a, in which a resident of Pittsburg, in the county of Allethe lower end of the core-box or flask c is gheny and State of Pennsylvania, have insupported, said frame a generally having a 5 vented a new and useful Improvement in guiding seat a to direct the base of the core- Methods of and Apparatus for Making Sand box to the proper position. In the table a is Molds; and I do hereby declare the follow also formed a seat a for the upper end of the ing to be a full, clear, and exact description core-box or flask, this seat or guideway, in thereof. connection with the lower seat or guideway 10 My invention relates to the making of sand a holding the flask or core-box in proper cores and molds, its object being to pack the line with the packing apparatus. Resting on cores or molds by compression in such way as said table a is a plate a, which is preferably to obtain evenly-packed cores and molds in formed of hardened and polished steel, as its forming deep cores or molds, such as those face is subjected to considerable wear, this 15 employedin forming wagon-boxes, pipe-balls, plate extending under the movable measurand like tubular articles. ing-box b and the plate having an opening in The particular improvements included in it over the seat a of the table corresponding the invention will be hereinafter set forth and to the opening in the core-box or flask, the

claimed. plate a resting on the upper edge of the core- 20 To enable others skilled in the art to make box or flask and acting to hold it in place.

and use myinven tion, Iwill describe the same The movable measuring box I) can be more fully, referring to the accompanying formed of wood or metal, being preferably drawings, in which-- formed of sheet metal and made vertically Figure 1 is a vertical section of apparatus adjustable, as hereinafter described and as 25 suitable for practicing the same, part of the illustrated in Fig. I, so as to provide deeper apparatus being shown in side View. Fig. 2 or shallower measuring-pockets for the measis a crosssection on theline 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 uring of the sand, as maybe found desirable. is a detail longitudinal section, partly in full In said measuringbox are a series of measlines, showing the operation of the apparatus uring-holes b, which are adapted to come over 0 in the downward stroke of the packer. Fig. l the opening in the core-box or flask and feed is a detail View showing the packing of the the sand to the same. In Figs. 1 and 2 thisupper end of the core and showing the insermeasuringbox is shown as a circular box tion of the core-rod into the core. Figs. 5 mounted on a centralaxis, as at 11 and the and 6 are detail plan views, partly in section, several measurin g-pockets are equally distant 3 5 showing other forms of reservoir. Fig. '7 illusfrom the center of the box, so that they may tra-tes a modification of the measuring appabe drawn over the seat a of the table and ratus, and Fig. 8 is a view showing my invenover the top of the core-box or flask. These tion as applied to the packing of molds. pockets may either be all of the same di- Like letters and numerals of referenceindiameter or may be made of different diam- 4o catelike parts in each. eters, as shown in Fig. 2, ZLCCOICllDg to the In the apparatus illustrated in the drawrelative diameter of the core-box or pattern ings I have shown several forms illustrative at the point to which the sand is to be fed of the main invention, and the principal detherein. 5 scription will be given of the form as illus- The sand-reservoir B rests upon the mov- 45 trated in Fig. 1, though it will be understood able measuring-box or suchbox passes within that the apparatus there shown is simply the base of the sand-reservoir, as maybe deillustrative of the general principle, equivasired,and the sand-reservoir corresponds sublent devices for the same purpose being instantially in shape to the measuring-box, exeluded within my invention. cept at the point where the core-box or flask is 50 The frame A is of any suitable construe supported in the apparatus, at which point tion, and it has about midway thereof a taone of the openings 1) of the measuring-box ble a, on which the movable measuringbox Z) is exposed, as shown in Fig. 2, the sand-reservoir having a V or like shaped partition l3, exposing such opening, so that upon the turning of the plate the sand entering the pockets of the measuring-box will be drawn out of the reservoir and in line with the corebox, so that the sand may pass down into the core-box, the pressing-packer passing down through such opening I) of the measuring box. As the pockets of the measuring-box thus pass within the reservoir the plate a forms the bases of the pockets, which are filled with sand from the reservoir and are struck off even by the edge of the partition B, so carrying out a regulated quantity of sand.

Suitable apparatus is provided for feeding sand to the reservoir, which it is not considered necessary to illustrate.

The movable measuring-box can be operated either automatically or by hand, and, if desired, the table a may be mounted at the rear end on bearings a in the frame, so that it, with the reservoir and measuringbox supported thereon, may be lifted slightly in securing the core-box or flask in place.

The vertically-movable packer dis secured at the base of the shaft D, which passes through suitable bearings D D in the frame A, and said packer dis mounted centrally of the core-box, so that in its packing-stroke it will pass centrally into the core-box and force down and spread the sand fed thereto on each side thereof. The packer is not of as great diameter as the internal diameter of the corebox, and its lower part 01 is preferably made tapering, as shown, so that the principal action will be to spread the sand and force it outwardly against the walls of the core-box. The upper part of the packer (Z, as at 62 is also preferably formed tapering in the opposite direction, so that it may shed any sand passing onto this part of the packer.

Any suitable means for imparting a stroke to the packer may be employed, such as by foot-power or by a small engine or other suitable mechanism. As, however, it is desirable to regulate the pressure according to the depth to which the sand is packed within the reservoir I have provided mechanism suitable for this purpose and which can be employed in a regular automaticallyoperating machine. For this purpose I employ a cam E, mounted on a shaft e, and I provide the shaft D with the frame f, the outer edges of the cam being arranged to come in contact with a pin or roller 6 for lifting the packer or permitting the same to drop, while mechanism for forcing down the packeris provided in connection with the framef and side or face of the cam. In the frame f I place a pin orroller g, which is out of line with the edge of the cam, but extends out sufficiently to engage with wings on the face of the cam, these wings being nu mbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, &c., and being arranged eccentric to the movement of the cam and in such position that upon the rotation thereof they will engage with the pin or roller g and force the shaft D and its packer d downwardly. This is more clearly shown in detail view Fig. 3. The operation of this part of the apparatus is therefore such that when the shaft 61 is permitted to descend by the movement of the roller 6 over the face 6 of the cam E until it is supported by the sand in the core-box upon the further movement of the cam the roller Q will engage with one of the wings on the camface, which, on account of the eccentric position thereof, will force down the packer, so as to impart a packing-pressure to the sand. Instead of the series of wings on the presser I may employ the equivalent thereof, a series of pins on the frame and a single eccentricallyplaced wing on the cam to engage with one of the pins according to the position of the packer. After the core-box has been packed in this way up to the top thereof in order to level the top of the core off and to impart asufficient pressure over the whole top face of the core to compact the head thereof I prefer to employ a block, as shown at h in Fig. 4, which fits within the upper end of the core-box and through the measuring-pocket Z2 of the measuring-plate Z), said block having a conical seat on its upper face into which the packer cl may fit, said packer thus forcing the block 7L down into the core.

In order to provide a core-rod to handle the core, I provide for the insertion of said rod after the formation of the core, and for this purpose I employ a guideway I centrally below the core-box, said guideway extending between the frame a and a like frame 1, Sup ported in the main frame A. Below the guideway I is a bar 70, the upper end of which fits in the guideway I, while its lower end passes through a bearing in the cross-bar 7c of the frame A, said bar It having a pin k with which a lever engages, so that the bar 70 may be forced upwardly through the guideway I.

Prior to the formation of the core a corerod i is inserted in the guideway I, and when the packing of the core is finished the operator through the lever 70 and bar forces the core-rod 2' upwardly into and through the core within the core-box c, as shown in Fig. 4. The block h may, if desired, have a recess 7L2, into which the upper end of the core-rod 'i may enter, this core-rod therefore providing means for the withdrawal of the core from the core-box and its insertion within the mold.

In practicing my invention with the apparatus above described the core-rod t' is first inserted in the guideway I. The core-box c is then placed in position in the guideways a cf, the plate a5 resting 011 the upper edge thereof. The operator then draws one of the measuring-pockets b of the measuring-box I), such as the smaller pocket thereof, over the core-boX,when the sand, which has been measured in the manner above described, will drop into the core-box, filling the lower end thereof. Upon the rotation of the cam E the bar D will descend, and its roller e travels on the face 6 of the cam until the packer (Z rests upon and is supported by the sand, and upon the further rotation of the cam E the roller 9 on the frame f will engage with one of the eccentric flanges on the cam-face, such as the flan gc 7, (the lowest one on the face of the cam,) which on account of its eccentricity will force the packer downwardly, and the conical base (1 of the packer (Z will spread out the sand, packing it downwardly and sidewise against the walls of the core box. Upon the further rotation of the cam E the packer will be raised above the measuring-box Z) and the measuring-box can again be moved, so as to bring the next in easuring-pocket over the core-box and permit the sand to pass down into the same, and the packer will again descend within the core-box until it rests on the loose sand therein, and its roller will be engaged by the next flange 6 on the cam E, the pack ing pressure being again applied and the sand being spread outwardly against the walls of the core-box. This is continued until the en tire core-box is packed, the sand being alternatel y measured and fed thereto and spread and packed therein and, if desired, a greater body of sand being fed thereto, according to the increased diameter and depth of the corebo.\'. As soon as the core is packed up to the upper end thereof the last measuring-pocket is brought over the same, feeding a large quantity of sand thereto, and in order to compact the upper end of the core the operator then inserts the block 71, corresponding in shape to the flask or core-box and having a flat pressing-face, and through the packer (Z forces said block downwardly, so as to apply the packing pressure over the entire top face of the core. \Vhile this block is thus held in place the operator raises the bar 71; and it forces the core-rod i upwardly through the core, its upper end entering the hollow seat 71. in the block h, so that when said block is removed the core-rod can be grasped by the operator, and after the core is loosened from the core-box the core may be withdrawn by said core-rod and inserted in the dryin g-fram e or placed directly in the mold.

If desired, suitable connections can be made with the measuring-box, so that these operations can be automatic, though such connections form no part of the present invention.

As it may be desirable to increase or decrease the amount of sand fed at each movement of the measuring-box I sometimes make the box adjustable, as shown in Fig. 4, forming the pockets l) thereof telescopic, each pocket being formed of two tubes or cylinders Z Z, the one fitting within the other, the tubes Zbeing secured to the top plate Z while the tubes Z are secured to the bottom plate Z In order to adjust such plates toward or from each other and so decrease or increase the length of the measuringpockets, any suitable mechanism may be employed, that shown in the drawings being interiorly-tln'eaded tubes Z", secured to. the top plate, and bolts Z swiveled to the bottom plate and screwing into the tubes Z, so as to adjust the distance between the top and bottom plates, as may be desired.

In Figs. 5, 0, and 7 I have illustrated different forms of reservoirs and measuringboxes, the reservoir M in Fig. 5 being formed on both sides of the opening through which the sand is fed to the core-box and the measuring-box on being mounted on the table a and having two pockets, the one pocket passing under one wing m of the reservoir when the other pocket is drawn out from the reservoir and over the opening to the core-box, and the plate having an oscillating movement, so that when the pocket passing under the wing at is drawn out over the core-box the other pocket will pass under the wing m to receive a supply of sand from that part of the reservoir.

' In Fig. 6 I have illustrated the apparatus where a series or row of cores is to be formed at one time, such apparatus being adapted for the making of small cores, and in that case the measuring-box a has simply a single row of measuring-pockets a, which when drawn out coincide with the openings of the core-boxes, and to receive a fresh supply of sand are pushed back under the sand-reservoir N, the measuring-pocket reciprocating in suitable guideways and being passed first under the stationary reservoir and receiving the sand and then drawn out to feed it through the pockets n to the core-boxes under the same.

In Fig. 7 I have illustrated another form of reservoir and measuring-box, the measuringbox p in this case being mounted on a horizontal axis 7) and having a series of Wings 19 between which are spaces p forming the measuring-pockets. This wheel is mounted at the base of the reservoir P, the lower part of which corresponds to the outer circumference of the measuring-box and from which a chute P extends down to the opening to the core-box. In such case as the measuring-box is turned the sand passes down the chute into the core-box and is packed by the rainnier, and the proper amount of sand fed to the corebox, according to the different points at which the packing operation is carried on; can be varied by changing the sizes of the pockets upon the circular box, different-sized spaces 19 being arranged upon the box 19, as maybe desired.

I11 Fig. 8 I have illustrated the way of packing molds according to my invention, the mold illustrated being one in which there is a central space 7" for forming the core Within the pattern 1' and a space s between the pattern '7' and the flask, and to pack such a flask I employ a packer substantially such as illustrated in the drawings, having either tapering sides or a flat base, the central packer t for packing within the space 7' being substantially such as above described, while the packer T for packing the space 8 between the pattern 7' and the flask is an annular packer adapted to enter the annular space around the pattern and act upon the sand about centrally of such space, so as to compact or spread the sand against the flask and against the pattern. In such apparatus the sand is fed at intervals to the flask in substantially the manner above described, and the packer is forced down upon the sand and withdrawn until a further feeding of sand takes place, this being continued until the entire flask is filled. The particular improvements in connection with forming ject-matter of a separate application of even date herewith, Serial No. 360,890, and does not require any further detailed description.

In any of the forms in which my invention is practiced it is evident thatI am enabled to form deep cores or molds by pressing and to pack the sand evenly as it is fed to the corebox or mold only in such quantity as. can be properly and evenly compacted by the pressing-tool at that particular pressing operation,

and I may employ a number of regulated feeds of just the right quantity of sand that can be compacted evenly by the strokes of the packer, and may employ a series of light pressures instead of feeding a large body of sand and attempting to compact it at one time by a heavy pressure. At. the same time as eachsuccessive body of sand fed tothe core-box is compacted followed up by a further body of sand again forced to its proper place, a deep core or mold can be evenly packed by a compressing operation, this not having been found practicable heretofore. As I also provide for the spreading of the sand through the conical or tapering packer, I am enabled tov force the sand against the walls of the core-box, flask, or pattern and obtain the packing thereof outwardly and so obtain the proper packing of the sand even though there are variations in the shape of the core-box or pattern. The operation can either be practiced by hand or the apparatus arranged to work automatically, and it provides an eflicient method of forming such sand cores or molds.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The herein-described method of forming cores and molds, consisting in feeding the sand to the box or flask, dropping the packer down onto the same until it rests on and is supported by the sand and then forcing down the packer to pack the sand, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2'. In apparatus for forming molds, the combination of the frame carrying guideways for receiving the core-box or flask, and a table mounted on pivots at the rear end of said frame and extending forward and having a guiding-seat at the forward end thereof for the reception of the upper end of the corebox or flask, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In apparatus for forming cores or molds, the combination of a core-box or flask, a vertically-reciprocating packer carried on a bar and entering the same, and a cam constructed to engage said bar at different heights and force the packer against the sand Within the jflask, substantially as and for the purposes set forth. these molds by my invention forms the sub- 4. In apparatus for forming sand molds, the

combination of a eore-box 0 supported in a suitable seat, the guideway I for the reception of the loose core-rod i, the verticallymoving bar 7c separate from the core-rod and adapted to enter said guideway and to be withdrawn from the guideway sufficiently to f enable a core-rod to be placed in position below the core and mechanism for moving the {bar 75 longitudinally, substantially as set forth.

5. In apparatus for forming sand molds, thej combination of the guide-seats a 0 the corebox a supported therein, the guideway I for the reception of the core-rod i, verticallymoving bar adapted to enter said guideway, and a lever'k engaging with said bar 7c, substantially as and for the purposes set j fOltll.

and pressed to its proper place, and that is 5 6. In apparatus for forming molds, the combination of the core-box, the removable block l h, having the recess ha, a guide below the coreboX, a loose core-rod in said guide and apusher below the same for forcing the core rod through the core and into the recess 712 of the removable block, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

7. In apparatus for forming molds,the combination with a core-box or flask, of a packer secured to a vertically-reciprocating bar D, having a frame f provided with a pin g, and a rotating cam or like device having a series of eccentric wings on the face thereof at different distances from its center, to engage as and for the purposes set forth.

8. In apparatus'for forming molds,the combination with a core-box or flask of a packer secured to a vertically-reciprocatin-g bar D having a frame f and provided with pins 6' and and a rotating cam engaging with the pin 6 and having one or more eccentric Wings on the face thereof to engage with the upper face of the pin g, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I, the said STEPHEN JARVIS ADAMS, have hereunto set my hand.

STEPHEN JARVIS ADAMS.

NVitnesses:

RoBT. D. TOTTEN, F. G. HAY.

' with the upper face of said pin, substantially 

